Abstract
The Present study investigated the drought in Iraq, by using the rainfall data which obtained from 39 meteorological stations for the past 30 years (1980-2010). The drought coefficient calculated on basis of the standard precipitation index (SPI) and then characteristics of drought magnitude, duration and intensity were analyzed. The correlation and regression between magnitude and duration of drought were obtained according the (SPI) index. The result shows that drought magnitude values were greater in the northeast region of Iraq.
Highlights
Drought is an insidious natural hazard that is generally perceived to be a prolonged period with significantly lower precipitations relative to normal levels [1]
In order to understand that a deficit of precipitation has different impacts on the groundwater, reservoir storage, soil moisture, snow cover, and streamflow [4]
Soil moisture conditions respond to precipitation anomalies on a relatively short time scale, while groundwater, streamflow, and reservoir storage reflect the longer-term precipitation anomalies[5]
Summary
Drought is an insidious natural hazard that is generally perceived to be a prolonged period with significantly lower precipitations relative to normal levels [1]. In order to understand that a deficit of precipitation has different impacts on the groundwater, reservoir storage, soil moisture, snow cover, and streamflow [4]. McKee et al [5] developed the standardized precipitation index (SPI); it was designed to quantify the precipitation deficit for multiple time scales. These time scales reflect the impact of drought on the availability of the different water resources. Soil moisture conditions respond to precipitation anomalies on a relatively short time scale, while groundwater, streamflow, and reservoir storage reflect the longer-term precipitation anomalies[5]. The accumulated magnitude of deficits is referred to as drought magnitude, and it is the positive sum of the SPI for all the months within a drought event
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