Drospirenone with 17β-estradiol in the postmenopausal woman with hypertension

Abstract

Hypertension is one of the most important risk factors for the development of cardiovascular disease. The prevalence of hypertension increases with age and also after the menopause; therefore, blood pressure monitoring and effective control of elevated blood pressure are very important in postmenopausal women. The knowledge that aldosterone is a dual cardiovascular and endocrine hormone has blurred the once distinct boundary between gynecology and cardiovascular medicine. Aldosterone plays a major role in salt and water homeostasis, but also binds to mineralocorticoid receptors in the cardiovascular system, leading to structural and functional changes and consequent organ damage. Highly selective aldosterone blockade via the mineralocorticoid receptor has long-term antihypertensive effects. Drospirenone is a novel progestogen with aldosterone receptor antagonism (PARA), and therefore has antihypertensive effects through reduced salt and water retention. A new hormone therapy that combines 17β-estradiol with drospirenone has been shown in several clinical studies to have a blood pressure-lowering effect in postmenopausal women with elevated blood pressure, in addition to effectively relieving symptoms of the menopause. These findings suggest a potential additional benefit on the cardiovascular system for the drospirenone/17β-estradiol combination in the treatment of women with menopausal symptoms and elevated blood pressure.