Abstract
ABSTRACT Biological insecticides can be another pest control method used in integrated pest management; hence there is a demand for scientific information about these products to understand the appropriate application technique. The aim of this study was to evaluate the spray spectra data by different nozzle types using biological insecticide isolated and with adjuvants, as well the surface tension of these spray solutions. For droplet spectra data, a particle size analyzer was used and for surface tension of the spray solution, the method of pendant drop was used. Among the nozzles tested, ADI 11002 provided greater droplets median diameter volume, a lower percentage of droplets with diameters less than 100 μm and also the highest coefficient of uniformity. In general, the addition of adjuvants reduced the median droplet diameter and increased the proportion of drops susceptible to spray drift. By adding adjuvants to the spray solution there was a lower surface tension, which were dependent of the adjuvant chemical group. The Silwet L-77® adjuvant showed the lowest surface tension among the spray solutions evaluated.
Highlights
The current farming system uses chemicals for the control of pest/insects
Biological control with entomopathogenic microorganisms, especially the Bacillus thuringiensis (Berliner) bacterium, has provided significant results in the control of pests/insect, with emphasis on those of the Lepidoptera order (BRAVO et al, 2011; VAN FRANKENHUYZEN, 2013). These products have not yet been highlighted in insecticide sales, due to problems related to the lack of knowledge of the interaction of biological control agents with other synthetic products used in agricultural crops, such as herbicides, fungicides, adjuvants, etc. (ROSSI-ZALAF et al, 2008)
The experiment was conducted in the laboratory of the Nucleus of Study and Development in Application Technology - NEDTA, belonging to the Crop Protection Department, São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, in which the droplets spectra and the surface tension provided by the different treatments were carried out
Summary
The current farming system uses chemicals for the control of pest/insects. Biological control with entomopathogenic microorganisms, especially the Bacillus thuringiensis (Berliner) bacterium, has provided significant results in the control of pests/insect, with emphasis on those of the Lepidoptera order (BRAVO et al, 2011; VAN FRANKENHUYZEN, 2013). These products have not yet been highlighted in insecticide sales, due to problems related to the lack of knowledge of the interaction of biological control agents with other synthetic products used in agricultural crops, such as herbicides, fungicides, adjuvants, etc. There are other factors that promote variations in responses of biological control agents, such as the application technology used
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