Abstract
The maximum entropy principle (MEP), which has been popular in the modeling of droplet size and velocity distribution in sprays, is, strictly speaking, only applicable for isolated systems in thermodynamic equilibrium; whereas the spray formation processes are irreversible and non-isolated with interaction between the atomizing liquid and its surrounding gas medium. In this study, a new model for the droplet size distribution has been developed based on the thermodynamically consistent concept - the maximization of entropy generation during the liquid atomization process. The model prediction compares favorably with the experimentally measured size distribution for droplets, near the liquid bulk breakup region, produced by an air-blast annular nozzle and a practical gas turbine nozzle. Therefore, the present model can be used to predict the initial droplet size distribution in sprays.
Highlights
Atomization of liquids is a process used in a wide range of industrial operations
The major objective of the current study is to formulate a new model on the prediction of droplet size distribution based on the thermodynamically consistent concept – the maximization of entropy generation (MEG) during the spray formation which is a non-isolated and irreversible process
The experimental data are obtained from the measurements on an annular air-blast nozzle using a commercial phase Doppler Particle Analyzer (PDPA)
Summary
Atomization of liquids is a process used in a wide range of industrial operations. The surface area for a given amount of liquid can be increased considerably through this process. The processes associated with surface phenomena, e.g. the transport of mass and heat, can be enhanced greatly. In addition to the above advantages, the pollutant emissions are related to the quality of atomization. The distribution of droplet size and velocity in sprays has long been recognized as a crucial parameter needed for fundamental analysis of practical spray systems. Detailed information regarding droplet size and velocity distributions in sprays is of ultimate importance for the design, operation, and optimization of spray systems
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