Abstract
The droplet size, size distribution, refractive index, and temperature can be measured simultaneously by the rainbow technique. In the present work, the rainbow scattering diagram for a spherical droplet in the secondary rainbow region is simulated by the use of the generalized Lorenz-Mie theory. For achieving high spatial resolution in denser droplet sprays, a focused Gaussian beam is used. For droplet characterization, different inversion algorithms are investigated, which includes trough-trough (θmin1 and θmin2) method and inflection-inflection (θinf1 and θinf2) method. For the trough-trough algorithm, the absolute error of the refractive index is between −6.4 × 10−4 and 1.7 × 10−4, and the error of the droplet radius is only between −0.55% and 1.77%. For the inflection-inflection algorithm, the maximum absolute error of the inverted refractive index is less than −1.1 × 10−3. The error of the droplet radius is between −0.75% and 5.67%.
Highlights
Liquid atomization and spray play an important role in industrial production, fuel atomization and combustion, spray cooling, and spray drying, etc. [1] [2] [3] [4]
The rainbow scattering diagram for a spherical droplet in the secondary rainbow region is simulated by the use of the generalized Lorenz-Mie theory
For the inflection-inflection algorithm, the maximum absolute error of the inverted refractive index is less than −1.1 × 10−3
Summary
Liquid atomization and spray play an important role in industrial production, fuel atomization and combustion, spray cooling, and spray drying, etc. [1] [2] [3] [4]. The rainbow pattern was used to measure the refractive index and size of a single spherical droplet. Van Beeck [12] generalized the SRT to global rainbow technology (GRT) to measure the size distribution and temperature of the droplet cloud in the spray. The rainbow pattern of droplets illuminated by Gaussian beams was simulated and used for droplet characterization [17] [18] It can achieve the purpose of measuring a single tiny droplet under high-density spray conditions. This study will discuss the feasibility of other inversion algorithms to measure droplets based on the intensity of scattered light in the secondary rainbow region when Gaussian beams are used as the light source.
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