Abstract

An explanation of the regulation of drone production in honeybee ( Apis mellifera ) colonies is given. Its main element is the presumption that adult drones emit a longlasting pheromone which has an inhibitory effect upon drone rearing when its in-hive amount exceeds a certain level. Quantitative predictions implied by this explanation are derived by incorporating it into a mathematical model of drone production in nonswarming honeybee colonies in temperate zones. The predictions are shown to be in close agreement with observational data from colonies in western Europe and North America, which have radically different drone-production patterns. In addition, the production of a longlasting inhibitory chemical signal by the drones is shown to be reasonable from an evolutionary point of view in tropical as well as temperate areas.

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