Abstract
Driving simulation is an efficient, safe, and data-collection-friendly method to examine driving behavior in a controlled environment. However, the validity of a driving simulator is inconsistent when the type of the driving simulator or the driving scenario is different. The purpose of this research is to verify driving simulator validity in driving behavior research in work zones. A field experiment and a corresponding simulation experiment were conducted to collect behavioral data. Indicators such as speed, car-following distance, and reaction delay time were chosen to examine the absolute and relative validity of the driving simulator. In particular, a survival analysis method was proposed in this research to examine the validity of reaction delay time. The result indicates the following: (1) most indicators are valid in driving behavior research in the work zone. For example, spot speed, car-following distance, headway, and reaction delay time show absolute validity. (2) Standard deviation of the car-following distance shows relative validity. Consistent with previous researches, some driving behaviors appear to be more aggressive in the simulation environment.
Highlights
Driving simulation has been increasingly popular in transportation research because of its efficiency, safety, and controllability
Simulator validity is inconsistent when the type of the driving simulator or the driving scenario is different, and there is no standardized method for assessing simulator validity [1]. erefore, it is appropriate to verify the validity of the apparatus before conducting a simulation experiment
Work zones are considered to have a negative impact on traffic safety and mobility because of lane closure and lower speed limits [2]. e vehicle speed at the beginning of the work zone always exceeds the speed limit, and the deceleration before the work zone is high [3]
Summary
Driving simulation has been increasingly popular in transportation research because of its efficiency, safety, and controllability. Researchers can design a specific driving scenario, conduct experiments in a closed and safe environment, and collect precise and diverse data through sensors. Simulator validity is an unavoidable issue; it refers to the ability of a simulator to reproduce real-world driving accurately [1]. Erefore, it is appropriate to verify the validity of the apparatus before conducting a simulation experiment. Many driving scenarios need to be verified; one of them is driving in work zones. It is dangerous to reproduce these driving scenarios in the real world, which makes the driving simulator a perfect tool for relevant researches. E primary objective of this research is to verify the validity of behavioral research in the work zone.
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