Abstract
The Neotropics, following the most common definition, comprise the tropical areas of the American continent from Mexico to Argentina (Morrone, 2017) and encompass the largest number of described species in the world, accounting for almost one third of global biodiversity (Raven et al., 2020). This outstanding biodiversity fascinated early naturalists including Alexander Von Humboldt, who proposed the foundations of biogeography by observing the floristic gradients of the Andes (Humboldt & Bonpland, 1805), and Alfred Wallace, whose proposal of Amazonian rivers as isolation barriers for animals built one of the pillars of evolutionary theory (Wallace, 1852). The Neotropical region has also been an important natural laboratory for more recent advances in ecology and evolution, such as the role of the landscape and ecological interactions in the diversification of plants (Antonelli et al., 2018; Rull & Carnaval, 2020). Since...
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