Abstract
This paper aims to identify appropriate approaches and interventions of local governments and extension services through identifying the most potential adaptive measures in agricultural production of local farmers in Thai Nguyen province (Vietnam) and analyses of key drivers, barriers and success factors for climate change adaptation (CCA).The study was conducted during October 2019 – April 2020 in Thai Nguyen and two selected communes with 92 smallholder farmers and relevant stakeholders from the provincial to commune levels using both quantitative and qualitative methods.Results showed a highly vulnerable situation of the local farmers under the context of climate change with 60.9% and 44.6% of the interviewed farmers stating reduced crop/livestock productivity and crop losses, and reduced arable production land and number of crop seasons/year respectively.Ten most potential livelihood models and production practices were identified. For example, animal husbandry (pigs, cattle) combined with biogas digester installation; intercropping between fruit crops and annual crops; use of drought and disease resistant maize varieties; changes of crop patterns and calendars; water saving production techniques, etc. Driver, barriers and success factors for CCA suggestguiding actions for the local government and extension services to plan adequate approaches and interventions for embracing and upscalingthe CCA initiatives towards climate resilient farming communities.The guiding actions include:strengthening capacity of extension staff; providing update market information to farmers for their decisions of crops and livestock; disseminating new and locally appropriate CCA models and practices together with on-field demo-plots and farmer field schools; and building capacity for community organisations, production groups/cooperatives to promote community learning for wider adoption and thus sustainability of their farming systems in response to the changing environment.
Highlights
Climate change is emerging as one of the most serious challenges humanity has ever facedin this century[1,2,3,4,5]
There have been significant success in identifying climate change adaptation (CCA) initiativesfor farming households, there has been limited research on barriers, success factors for CCA and how local governments andextension servicesshould provide relevant support and advice to embrace and scale the CCA initiatives.this paper addresses the current knowledge gap and provides insights and practical recommendations for promoting and supporting locally appropriate CCA initiatives
This study aims to (1) understand the impacts of climate change on agriculture production of smallholder farmers in the district; (2) identify the most locally appropriate adaptive measures toward climate resilient livelihoods; (3) analyze drivers, barriers and success factors for embracing and scaling the identified climate resilient models and production practices; and (4) provide insights and recommendations on approaches and areas of support for the local government and extension services
Summary
Climate change is emerging as one of the most serious challenges humanity has ever facedin this century[1,2,3,4,5]. Changes of climate factors such as increase in temperature, in rainfall pattern or rise of atmospheric carbon dioxide are closely linked to agricultural sector which is highly prone to weather and climatic conditions[6,7,8,9]. Adaptation initiatives are necessary to cope with the increasing impacts of climate change[8,9,11]. Different studies all over the world have proven that through sustainable farming systems such as shifting cropping patterns, crop diversification, integrated livestock production and restoration of degraded land, agriculture have an inherent potential to both reduce emissions of greenhouse gases, enhance carbon sequestration in the soil and increase the ability to adapt to climate change[12,13].
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