Abstract
Reduction of fluid resistance using the rheological characteristics of a polymer-surfactant solvent is research that contains many aspects, such as the theory of the drag reduction process, historical journey, and ongoing current research development. Many studies have been conducted, but it is challenging to know all existing and new research threads. The present investigation was conducted using literature studies regarding drag reducing agents. This research will also discuss the characteristics of flowing fluids and their effects on the velocity profile with friction factor of flowing fluids in smooth circular straight pipe geometries based on experimental, theoretical approaches. It concludes with aspects of research conducted around reducing drag using drag reducing agents, ideas about innovations, structuring overlook in testing, and modification of the fluid flow state.
Highlights
The discovery involved the existence of different substances that can be used, namely polymer-surfactant agents, bio-biopolymers, and solids such as fibers mixed in the inhibitor reducing solution
We address the final drag reduction result as the main concern is the final effect of the additives
Anionic surfactants were first researched by Savins from 1967 to 1969 [48,85,86] with the introduction of anionic surfactants used in aqueous solution systems
Summary
Turbulence affects the movement of fluid on a wall. The movement of fluid occurs when there is increased turbulence resulting in a loss of adequate energy. Research seeks to reduce the energy loss due to friction generated by turbulent flow in walls. Studies were conducted [1,2,3] in which the discovery of the mechanism of reducing resistance or turbulent skin friction in moving fluids was made. The initial research did not focus on the solution formed but more on the turbulence mechanism in the fluid when a resistance-reducing solution is added. The mechanism referred to in research [1,2,3] is that the addition of the solution affects the pressure required to decrease the turbulence that occurs in the working fluid in the paper mill when transporting the macerated paper
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