Abstract
Road vehicles drag is a direct consequence of a large wake area generated behind. This area is created owing to the vehicle shape, which is determined by the class, functional and aesthetic of the vehicle. Aerodynamic characteristics are a ramification and not the reason for the vehicle architecture. To enhance pressure recovery in the wake region, hence reduce drag, three different passive flow control techniques were applied to sport-utility-vehicle (SUV). A three-dimensional SUV was designed in CATIA, and a numerical flow simulation was conducted using Ansys-Fluent to evaluate the aerodynamic effectiveness of the proposed flow control approaches. A closed rectangular flap as an add-on device modifies the wake vortex system topology, enhances vortex merging, and increases base pressure which leads to a drag reduction of 15.87%. The perforated roof surface layer was used to delay flow separation. The measured base pressure values indicate a higher-pressure recovery, which globally reflected in a drag reduction of 19.82%. Finally, air guided through side rams was used as steady blowing. A steady passive air jet introduced at the core of the longitudinal trailing vortices leads to a confined wake area. The net effects appear in a global increase in the base pressure values and the pronounced drag reduction of 22.67%.
Highlights
One of the main factors that influence vehicle fuel consumption is aerodynamic drag
The results have shown that the intended benefits were attained, but the large mass flow rate required limits the use of the technique in road vehicles
All the tested cases were performed for a vehicle speed of 35 m/s, which is equivalent to the upper-speed limit of the highway
Summary
One of the main factors that influence vehicle fuel consumption is aerodynamic drag. More than 80% of the aerodynamic drag is pressure drag, as declared by Wood [1]. Jahanmiri and Abbaspour [27] investigated the application of an active flow control method to Ahmed body modal with a 35o rear slant angle.
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More From: International Journal of Automotive and Mechanical Engineering
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