Abstract
Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) and lately, extensively drug-resistant TB (XDR-TB) are increasing global health concerns. Here, we present the genome sequences of two MDR-TB isolates from Myanmar, one of 27 countries with a high MDR-TB burden, and describe a number of mutations consistent with these being XDR-TB isolates.
Highlights
Myanmar is 1 of 22 high-burden tuberculosis (TB) countries with a high prevalence of multidrug-resistant TB (MDRTB) of 5% among new cases and 27% among re-treatment cases in 2013 [1, 2]
Second-line drugs or pyrazinamide is currently not performed as part of the routine diagnosis of drug-resistant TB
Little is known about the prevalence of resistance to amikacin, pyrazinamide, levofloxacin, ethionamide, and cycloserine, the drugs used in the MDR regimen in Myanmar [3]
Summary
Myanmar is 1 of 22 high-burden tuberculosis (TB) countries with a high prevalence of multidrug-resistant TB (MDRTB) (resistant to rifampin and isoniazid) of 5% among new cases and 27% among re-treatment cases in 2013 [1, 2]. The National TB Reference Laboratory performs genotypic testing with the Hain GenoType MTBDRplus v1.0 (Hain Lifescience GmbH, Nehren, Germany) and phenotypic drug susceptibility testing (DST) of four first-line drugs, isoniazid, rifampin, ethambutol, and streptomycin. Second-line drugs or pyrazinamide is currently not performed as part of the routine diagnosis of drug-resistant TB.
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