Abstract
Blackgram [Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper] (2n = 2x = 22), an important Asiatic legume crop, is a major source of dietary protein for the predominantly vegetarian population. Here we construct a draft genome sequence of blackgram, for the first time, by employing hybrid genome assembly with Illumina reads and third generation Oxford Nanopore sequencing technology. The final de novo whole genome of blackgram is ~ 475 Mb (82% of the genome) and has maximum scaffold length of 6.3 Mb with scaffold N50 of 1.42 Mb. Genome analysis identified 42,115 genes with mean coding sequence length of 1131 bp. Around 80.6% of predicted genes were annotated. Nearly half of the assembled sequence is composed of repetitive elements with retrotransposons as major (47.3% of genome) transposable elements, whereas, DNA transposons made up only 2.29% of the genome. A total of 166,014 SSRs, including 65,180 compound SSRs, were identified and primer pairs for 34,816 SSRs were designed. Out of the 33,959 proteins, 1659 proteins showed presence of R-gene related domains. KIN class was found in majority of the proteins (905) followed by RLK (239) and RLP (188). The genome sequence of blackgram will facilitate identification of agronomically important genes and accelerate the genetic improvement of blackgram.
Highlights
Blackgram [Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper] is an annual leguminous crop belonging to the family Fabaceae and subfamily Papilionaceae
Longread sequencing by Oxford Nanopore sequencing technology (ONT) was used to generate 1,633,898 long reads, having 10,425,220,236 bp and coverage of ∼22x
A better understanding of blackgram genetics is crucial for more efficient breeding in light of an anticipated increase in biotic and abiotic stresses that may accompany climate change
Summary
Blackgram [Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper] is an annual leguminous crop belonging to the family Fabaceae and subfamily Papilionaceae. In spite of its economic importance and surging demand for improved blackgram varieties, susceptibility to multiple diseases, including mungbean yellow mosaic, powdery mildew, Cercospora leaf spot and leaf crinkle hinders cultivation and reduces produce yield and quality. In this regard, it is important to study plant disease resistance mechanisms and identify genes to develop varieties with durable resistance. In view of the importance of this pulse crop in the Asiatic region and the need for molecular detailing of trait based selection, we assembled a draft genome of Vigna mungo var. In view of the importance of this pulse crop in the Asiatic region and the need for molecular detailing of trait based selection, we assembled a draft genome of Vigna mungo var. mungo using next-generation platform Illumina paired end and mate pair reads combined with third generation Oxford Nanopore sequencing
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