Dépistage de la surdité néonatale permanente : quelles conséquences sur la mise en place des interactions précoces mère–bébé ?

Abstract

The neonatal hearing screening comes within a step of secondary prevention of handicaps insofar as deafness has obvious consequences on the cognitive, linguistic and emotional development of the child. However, informing the parents of a potential sensory dysfunction from the first days of the child life can be the cause of a disorganization in the first parent–child interactions, and some professionals give an opinion that proves to be sensitive to many regards. This is why several studies examined this question and gave out contrasted conclusions on it. Thus, our works aims at evaluating the consequences, on the parental anxiety and quality of parent–child interactions, of a hearing screening program according to the moment when the test was carried out ( 4 days vs 2 months). To do so, we led semi-directing interviews with the mothers of the tested children. The results showed that a positive result entailed a significant increase in the maternal anxiety which deteriorated the general psychological state of the mother, especially in the neonatal period in which the test was carried out. This resulted in specific interactive profiles in which the mothers of the children with a positive result presented less insurance in the way they managed the interaction with their baby.