Abstract
BackgroundBrucellosis is one of the most important infection of diseases. Due to its large period of treatment and survival ability of bacteria inside the macrophages, relapse of this disease is the main challenge, especially, after the treatment.ObjectiveThe current study was carried out to evaluate the antibacterial effect of solid lipid nanoparticles loaded with doxycycline on the Brucella melitensis in in vivo conditions.MethodsThe double emulsion synthesized doxycycline-encapsulated solid lipid nanoparticles (DOX-SLN) was characterized using DLS and FE-SEM. The efficacy of the DOX-SLN on the acute and chronic Wistar rat infected brucellosis was investigated. The pathological assessments were made on the spleen and liver in the treated rates.ResultsThe in vivo experimental results demonstrated that the treated rats with DOX-SLN had significantly decreased the B. melitensis CFUs in their spleen and liver compared to that of the treated rates with free doxycycline and untreated ones. The pathologic results indicate that the improvement trend of spleen and liver tissues in rats treated by DOX-SLN was satisfactory.ConclusionAccording to in vivo results, the DOX-SLN has better effects on the treatment of chronic brucellosis. Therefore, DOX-SLN is recommended to treat the brucellosis and avoid its relapse.
Highlights
Brucellosis is a bacterial disease common between humans and animals that is transmitted by direct or indirect human contact with infected animals or infected dairy products
The double emulsion method is appropriate to encapsulation of doxycycline which is a hydrophilic drug so that Polydispersity Index (PDI), zeta potential and particle size were favorable for our aims
The results of this study demonstrated that DOX-solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) is more effective than free doxycycline in dealing with B. melitensis phagocyted by the macrophages
Summary
Brucellosis is a bacterial disease common between humans and animals that is transmitted by direct or indirect human contact with infected animals or infected dairy products. Clinical manifestations in brucellosis range from asymptomatic infections to acute, sub-acute and chronic forms. The World Health Organization recommends the simultaneous use of gentamicin and doxycycline in order. As gentamicin is nephrotoxic, the simultaneous use of streptomycin and doxycycline is preferred. The simultaneous oral use of doxycycline and rifampicin for 45 days has been become popular among patients because it has no adverse side effect and the use is easy. This treatment is less effective, for complex forms of the disease (failure rate of about 15%) [7]. Due to its large period of treatment and survival ability of bacteria inside the macrophages, relapse of this disease is the main challenge, especially, after the treatment
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