Doxorubicin and irinotecan drug-eluting beads for treatment of glioma: a pilot study in a rat model

Abstract

Despite some progress in therapy, the prognosis of patients with malignant gliomas remains poor. Local delivery of cytostatics to the tumour has been proven to be an efficacious therapeutic approach but which nevertheless needs further improvements. Drug Eluting Beads (DEB), have been developed as drug delivery embolisation systems for use in trans-arterial chemoembolisation. We tested in a rat model of malignant glioma, whether DEB, loaded with doxorubicin or irinotecan, may be used for local treatment of brain tumours. Unloaded and drug loaded DEB were implanted into the brains of healthy and tumour bearing BD IX rats followed by histological investigations and survival assessment. Intracerebral implantation of unloaded DEB caused no significant local tissue damage, whilst both doxorubicin and irinotecan DEB improved survival time significantly. However, a significant local toxicity was found after the implantation of doxorubicin DEB but not with irinotecan DEB. We concluded that irinotecan appears to be superior in terms of the risk-benefit ratio and that DEB may be used for local treatment of brain tumours.