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Abstract
This study investigated levels and distribution pattern of chlorinated organic compounds (COCs) otherwise known as organochlorine pesticides in sediment samples at downstream of Aiba watercourse in Iwo, South-western Nigeria. Soxhlet extraction method followed by GC–ECD analysis were used to ascertain levels of COCs in the sediment samples collected from four different locations along the stream. Eighteen COCs were detected with trans permethrin and endosulfan sulfate having highest and lowest concentrations of 375.70 ± 689.41 and 0.03 ± 0.05 µg/g, respectively. The varying levels of COCs as obtained in this study were attributed to organochlorine pesticides contamination emanated from different agricultural practices and domestic sewage loads of the study area.
Highlights
Chlorinated organic compounds (COCs) otherwise known as organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) is one of the multi-arrays of hydrophobic organic compounds which have been produced in large quantity, and used for the control of weeds, termites, mosquitoes and other insects constituting nuisance in many part of the world for years (Ssebugere et al 2013, 2014)
The results showed that sediment pH values were not significantly different from one another
Sediments collected from Water Works (SS1) and Kuti water columns were slightly acidic, while those from Oweyo and Oke Afo water columns showed neutral downstream
Summary
Chlorinated organic compounds (COCs) otherwise known as organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) is one of the multi-arrays of hydrophobic organic compounds which have been produced in large quantity, and used for the control of weeds, termites, mosquitoes and other insects constituting nuisance in many part of the world for years (Ssebugere et al 2013, 2014). Pesticides are partitioned between air, water and soil during application or after application. Pesticides may enter aquatic systems via atmospheric deposition, soil erosion and sewage runoff, industrial and agricultural runoff (Yang et al 2005). Concern about COCs is as a result of their lipophilic attributes, low susceptibility to biodegradation, chemical stability and persistence, bio-magnification and accumulation tendency in the food chain, long and wide range distribution and atmospheric transport in the environment and their potential negative impact to both aquatic habitat and humans (Basheer et al 2002). Water is a major pathway through which pesticides are transported from area of primary application to other compartments within the environment, especially the aquatic system. COCs could spread into aquatic environments through runoffs from non-point soil source (Aly Salem et al 2013). Gilliom (2007) reported that pesticides; those used for agriculture were often detected, and at highest concentrations in stream
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