Abstract
Background: Cell adhesion molecule abnormalities are given as one reason for the occurrence of invasion and metastasis in various cancers. In this study, we conducted an immunohistochemical examination of cell adhesion molecule claudin-1 in mucosa and invasive front of gastric cancer, and investigated the correlation of claudin-1 expression and clinicopathological factors. Methods: Immunohistochemical examination was performed for 35 patients who underwent surgery be-tween January 2010 and October 2011, to assess the correlation of claudin-1 with primary gastric cancer. Results: The expression rate of claudin-1 was 48.6% (17/35) in 35 gastric carcinoma patients. The positive rates of claudin-1 were 42.9% (15/35) in mucosa and 28.6% (10/35) in invasive front of gastric cancer. The expression rate of claudin-1 in invasive front was lower than in mucosa. From comparing claudin-1 expression in mucosa, it was found that well-to moderately-differentiated adenocarcinoma had significantly more claudin-1 expression than poorly-differrentiated adenocarcinoma. Claudin-1 expression of well-to moderately-differentiated adenocar-cinoma decreased in the invasive front of gastric cancer. Expression of claudin-1 in mucosa was negative in many cases with advanced tumor invasion (T2, T3, T4) and positive in many cases with early tumor invasion (T1), with a significant difference between the two (p
Highlights
Gastric carcinoma is one of the most frequent malignant tumors and the second most common cause of death from carcinoma in the world, in spite of improvements and development in endoscopy and surgical technology [1]-[3]
Claudin-1 was mainly expressed in the cell membrane of gastric adenocarcinoma cells and some samples displayed a low level of cytoplasmic staining
The expression of claudin-1 in mucosa was significantly higher in well- to moderately-differentiated adenocarcinomas than in poorly-differentiated adenocarcinomas (p < 0.05)
Summary
Gastric carcinoma is one of the most frequent malignant tumors and the second most common cause of death from carcinoma in the world, in spite of improvements and development in endoscopy and surgical technology [1]-[3]. Abnormality of tight junction proteins or adherence junction proteins, such as claudins, β-catenin and E-cadherin, is considered to be an important pathway and trigger for tumor progression and metastasis [7]-[10]. The expression of different claudins has been shown in several tumors including gastric cancer. We conducted an immunohistochemical examination of cell adhesion molecule claudin-1 in mucosa and invasive front of gastric cancer, and investigated the correlation of claudin-1 expression and clinicopathological factors. The positive rates of claudin-1 were 42.9% (15/35) in mucosa and 28.6% (10/35) in invasive front of gastric cancer. Claudin-1 expression of well-to moderately-differentiated adenocarcinoma decreased in the invasive front of gastric cancer. Expression of claudin-1 in mucosa was negative in many cases with advanced tumor invasion (T2, T3, T4) and positive in many cases with early tumor invasion (T1), with a significant difference between the two (p < 0.05). Claudin-1 expression in the invasive front was not cor-
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