Abstract
After finding parts-per-billion levels of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (A) in fish taken from the Tittabawassee River in June 1978, Dow Chemical Co. made a 4.5 mo study which showed the ubiquity of chlorinated dioxins and concluded that dioxins are formed by combustion, including powerplant stack gases and automotive exhausts and that their presence in this river is not due to discharges from the Dow plant making 2,4,5-trichlorophenol and pentachlorophenol at Midland. Similar results by European researchers showed that municipal incinerators appeared to be a source of such compounds in the environment. D. L. Swanson of the Michigan Department of Natural Resources doubts this conclusion and has asked for a total mass balance for dioxins and related organochlorine intermediates. According to M. S. Meselson (Harv. Univ.), although dioxins are formed by combustion, A, the most toxic dioxin, is found only near sources of chlorinated phenols.
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