Abstract
We demonstrate how it is possible to achieve weak dispersion in the phase delay between two orthogonal polarization states by using double-stacked hyperbolic metamaterial (HMM) waveguide arrays. The weak dispersion in the phase delay originates from the different signs of phase delay from the two different HMM waveguide arrays. The condition of dispersion-free phase delay for the transmitted waves has been theoretically derived from the transmission matrix as the propagation characteristic of the HMM waveguide is involved. We further reveal that the designed double-stacked HMM waveguide array can function as an efficient quarter-wave plate that enables the conversion of linearly polarized light to circularly polarized light within a broad frequency band. In addition, the bandwidth over which the degree of linear polarization is nearly unity and over which the angle of linear polarization is kept at approximately 45° is basically consistent with the phase bandwidth. This offers a promising approach for developing a practical polarization converter in the terahertz domain.
Highlights
The ability to manipulate the polarization states of light is of central importance for many applications in physics, chemistry, biology, and optics[1]
We have demonstrated that an hyperbolic metamaterial (HMM) waveguide array with a rectangular waveguide cross-section exhibits a giant modal birefringence index[34], which is dozens of times higher than that of conventional quartz birefringent crystals for THz waves[35]
Multilayer is placed on the low-loss high-density polyethylene (HDPE) substrate and the surrounding dielectric layer is BCB
Summary
The ability to manipulate the polarization states of light is of central importance for many applications in physics, chemistry, biology, and optics[1]. The designed polarization manipulation devices with such an HMM waveguide array show the capability of converting linearly polarized light waves to circularly polarized light waves with high transmission. Their operation bandwidth is very limited, since the HMM polarization manipulation components show strong dispersion in the phase delay between two orthogonal directions of light. Once the device operates away from the optimal wavelength, the phase delay is no longer kept at a constant value, which seriously restricts the HMM polarization manipulation components for broadband applications
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