Abstract
A combined numerical and experimental study is reported of melting of a vertical ice layer into an ammonium chloride-water solution inside a square cavity. The governing equations are solved utilizing an algorithm which is based on curvilinear, non-orthogonal control volumes. The numerical results are successfully validated through shadowgraph, flow visualization, temperature and concentration measurements. It is found that the melting process induces temperature and concentration gradients in the initially homogeneous liquid. Due to the double-diffusive nature of the system, this results in the development of a stable concentration stratification above a layer of strongly convecting, uncontaminated liquid. It is conclusively shown that the double-diffusive convection processes cause considerable variations in the local melting rates and the interfacial temperature and concentration distributions. The heat transfer rates at the vertical walls of the cavity and the heat conduction in the solid region strongly reflect the time evolution of the double-diffusive convection phenomena induced by the melting process.
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