Abstract
Orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.) is one of the essential foraging species which is used as a cool-season persistent and perennial forage grass. This research was carried out during the 2019 growing season in the Eastern Anatolia region in Turkey. The aim of our research was to study the morphologic characteristics of natural Orchardgrass and to assess the genetic diversity of collected genotypes to determine the best genotypes available for future breeding programs. In each location, the seeds of Orchardgrass were randomly collected and then were planted in the greenhouse. After germination, the Orchardgrass seedlings were transferred from the greenhouse to the field. Genotypes were investigated regarding plant height, flag leaf length, flag leaf width, number of nodes per plant, length of the upper internode. The results of this study showed highly significant differences between genotypes for studied traits. Furthermore, our results showed that the morphological traits studied (plant height, flag leaf length, flag leaf width, node number per plant, and length of the upper internode) had the following respectively ranges (47.43 -77.57 cm, 9.00-15.57 cm, 4.21- 6.93mm, 2.14 -3.00, 9.64-17.57 cm, respectively). The analysis indicated that there was a positive significant correlation among the most morphological traits studied. The cluster analysis showed that the genotypes of the fourth group, (H5, M75 and A121) had the best genotypes for morphological traits studied. These genotypes can be used in future breeding programs.
Highlights
Orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.) is a widespread, highly cross-pollinated, cool-season, perennial grass, which is strongly adaptive to several environmental conditions (Madesis et al, 2014)
The seeds of Dactylis glomerata L. were randomly collected from 20 different locations which are naturally spread in Flora of the Eastern Anatolia Region of Turkey during July and August in 2018. (Table 2)
Prior studies have studied the genetic diversity of Dactylis glomerata L by assessing many genotypes in many different geographic locations, and these studies have found there were significant differences among the studied genotypes for the morphological traits ( Sagsoz et al, 1996; Garcia and Lindner, 1998; Sahuquillo and Lumaret, 1999; Tuna et al, 2004; Mut and Ayan, 2008; Peng et al, 2008; Ayan et al, 2010; Uysal et al, 2015)
Summary
Orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.) is a widespread, highly cross-pollinated, cool-season, perennial grass, which is strongly adaptive to several environmental conditions (Madesis et al, 2014). The genus Dactylis is an essential forage crop, with a large geographical distribution in temperate zone. This genus includes one species, Dactylis glomerata; this species encompasses many subspecies whose traits have not been completely characterized (Zhao and Cheng, 2016). Meadows and pastures are the most important gene sources in Turkey. Fodder crops grown in agricultural fields and natural ranges and pastures constitute the most important inputs in the production of animal food, which is of great importance in human nutrition. Fodder crops grown in agricultural fields produce organic matter that benefits poor soil and other field crops (Mut and Ayan, 2008)
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