Abstract

espanolIntroduccion y objetivos: Una proporcion significativa de pacientes sometidos a implante percutaneo de valvula aortica (TAVI) presenta indicacion de anticoagulacion oral por fibrilacion auricular. En estos pacientes, con frecuencia el riesgo hemorragico es alto. El objetivo del estudio fue comparar los resultados clinicos en pacientes tratados con dosis baja de apixaban o con acenocumarol, un antagonista de la vitamina K (AVK). Metodos: Registro observacional multicentrico que incluyo pacientes sometidos a TAVI tratados con dosis baja de apixaban (2,5 mg/12 h) o AVK, en ambos casos sin tratamiento antiplaquetario asociado. Se llevo a cabo un emparejamiento por puntuacion de propension para seleccionar dos cohortes comparables. Se recabo la informacion de los 12 meses posteriores al procedimiento. Se consideraron objetivos coprimarios de eficacia (muerte, infarto de miocardio e ictus) y de seguridad (hemorragias BARC ≥ 2). Resultados: Se incluyeron 236 pacientes y se obtuvieron 2 grupos de 64 pacientes comparables en cuanto a caracteristicas basales. Solo 19 (30%) cumplieron estrictamente los criterios de ajuste a la baja de la dosis de apixaban. A los 12 meses, la incidencia de muerte, infarto de miocardio e ictus fue comparable (12,5% con AVK frente a 9,3% con apixaban; p = 0,5), pero la incidencia de hemorragia BARC ≥ 2 fue significativamente mayor en el grupo de AVK (7,8 frente a 0%; p = 0,02). La mayoria de los eventos tromboticos en el grupo de apixaban se observaron en pacientes con reduccion de dosis no ajustada a criterios. Conclusiones: En este registro de pacientes con TAVI y fibrilacion auricular, el uso de la dosis baja de apixaban en comparacion con el uso de AVK, sin antiagregantes concomitantes, se asocio a una menor incidencia de hemorragias mayores con una incidencia similar de eventos tromboembolicos. EnglishIntroduction and objectives: A significant amount of patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) have an indication for oral anticoagulation due to atrial fibrillation. In these patients the bleeding risk is often high. The purpose of this study was to compare the clinical outcomes of patients treated with low doses of apixaban or the vitamin K antagonist (VKA) acenocumarol in this setting. Methods: Multicenter observational registry including patients treated after TAVI with low doses of apixaban (2.5 mg/12 hours) or VKA both without associated antiplatelet therapy. Propensity score matching was conducted to select 2 comparable cohorts. Data were gathered for 12 months following the procedure. Coprimary endpoints of efficacy (death, myocardial infarction, and stroke) and safety (bleeding BARC ≥ 2) were considered. Results: A total of 236 patients were included. They were divided into 2 comparable groups of 64 patients each. Only 19 patients (30%) strictly met the dose adjustment criteria for apixaban. The rate of death, myocardial infarction, and stroke was similar at the 12-month follow-up (12.5% with VKA vs 9.3% with apixaban, P = .5), but the rate of bleeding BARC ≥ 2 was significantly higher in the VKA group (7.8% vs 0%; P = .02). Most of the events seen in the apixaban group occurred in patients with incorrect dose titration. Conclusions: In this registry of patients treated with TAVI and atrial fibrillation the use of low-dose apixaban compared to VKA—both without antiplatelet agents—was associated to a lower rate of actionable bleeding and a similar rate of thrombotic events.

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