Dosimetry.

Abstract

The dosimeters used to measure radiation dose produce a value which has to be calibrated to be in keeping with the values in an approved laboratory, which will be one of an international network of such laboratories at the center of which is the Bureau International des Poids et Mesures in France (BIPM). Dosimeters work by producing a quantitatively proportional change in status to the intensity of the radiation being measure. Amongst the techniques in use are thermoluminescent devices, radiographic film, radiochromic film, semiconductors, ionization chambers, silicon diodes and gel dosimeters. The Gamma Knife radiation has been difficult to measure directly because the beams have been to fine for accurate measurement by commonly available dosimeters. For more modern dosimeters this is less of a problem. During the treatment of a patient, a variety of indices are recorded to assist in the standardization and accuracy of treatment. Having determined the dose in the beams, it is necessary to calculate how much energy is lost during the passage of radiation from the source to the target. There has been a steady evolution of these calculations to make them more accurate.