Doses of Phosphorus in Monoammonium Phosphate form Incorporated in Biodegradable Polymers for Corn

Mayara M Martins,Fernando S Galindo,Marcelo C M Teixeira Filho,Luiz F Malmonge,José A Malmonge,Salatiér Buzetti

doi:10.5539/jas.v10n4p316

Mayara M Martins, Fernando S Galindo + Show 4 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.5539/jas.v10n4p316

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Abstract

The use of monoammonium phosphate (MAP) dissolved in organic polymers can reduce the fixation of phosphorus in the soil, and thus provide greater availability of this nutrient for long-term crops. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of doses of phosphorus in conventional form and incorporated MAP in biodegradable polymers, evaluating nutritional status, production components and corn grain yield, as well as the residual effect of P and N. The experiment was conducted in a no- tillage system consolidated for more than 10 years in a Latossolo Vermelho distrófico (Oxisol) with a clay texture located in Selvíria, MS, Brazil. The experimental design was a randomized block design with four replicates, arranged in a 4 × 4 factorial scheme, four forms of MAP (conventional, P1 = polymers with 30% MAP + water, P2 = polymers with 70% MAP + water and P3 = polymers with 30% of MAP), and four doses of P2O5 (0, 60, 120 and 180 kg ha-1), applied soon after emergence of the seedlings in the corn sowing line. Polymer P1 released higher amounts of P to the soil up to the R1 stage of corn, also provided the highest grain yield, indicating to be the most promising for use in Brazilian Cerrado soil.

Highlights

Due to its productive potential, chemical composition and nutritive value, corn (Zea mays L.) is one of the most important cultivated and consumed cereals in the world, Brazil being the third largest producer and second largest exporter in the world (Conab, 2015; Galindo et al, 2016).Fertilization is recognized as one of the factors that favor the yield and sustainability of the activity
Phosphorus is usually supplied to plants in the form of soluble phosphate fertilizers at the time of sowing, but due to their high adsorption capacity in clayed soils, high doses are necessary to obtain high yields
In order to overcome the problem of the costs of soluble phosphates obtained by conventional solubilization processes, alternative sources of phosphorus have been proposed (Harger et al, 2007)

Summary

Introduction

Due to its productive potential, chemical composition and nutritive value, corn (Zea mays L.) is one of the most important cultivated and consumed cereals in the world, Brazil being the third largest producer and second largest exporter in the world (Conab, 2015; Galindo et al, 2016).Fertilization is recognized as one of the factors that favor the yield and sustainability of the activity. Among the nutrients that most affect productivity, phosphorus (P) is one of the most limiting factors for agricultural crops, especially in tropical soils, which generally have a low P content and a predominance of acidity (Araújo, 2011), mainly due to the low utilization of phosphate fertilizers and, inadequate plant nutrition (Silva et al, 2012; Gazola et al, 2013). One way to reduce losses by phosphorus complexation is through gradual or controlled release of the nutrient contained in fertilizers. These fertilizers are called slow release fertilizers, such as polymerized fertilizers (Figueiredo et al, 2012; Machado & Souza, 2012; Gazola et al, 2013)

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