Dose–response relationship between leisure-time physical activity and biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress in overweight/obese populations

Abstract

ObjectivesThis study aimed to analyze the dose–response relationship between leisure-time physical activity and biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress in overweight/obese populations and provide exercise recommendations to regulate inflammation and oxidative stress and reduce the risk of developing obesity-related diseases. DesignSecond analysis of a cross-sectional study. MethodsA total number of 4978 overweight/obese adults were included from the 2015–2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Multivariable regressions were conducted to investigate the dose–response relationship between leisure-time physical activity and biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress. Subgroup analyses based on the doses and intensities of physical activity and in different participants were performed to provide exercise recommendations. ResultsThe results demonstrated that leisure-time physical activity was negatively associated with inflammatory biomarkers in both overweight and obese populations, and positively associated with antioxidant markers in obese populations. Overweight/obese populations performing leisure-time physical activity at 660–760 min/week (dose calculated as moderate leisure-time physical activity, equals 330–380 min/week vigorous leisure-time physical activity) demonstrated the lowest levels of inflammatory markers. Vigorous leisure-time physical activity was superior to moderate one for overweight/obese populations, especially for inflammation regulation. In addition, the regulatory effect of leisure-time physical activity on inflammation was more significant in overweight/obese populations with hypertension or stroke. ConclusionsThe results suggest that overweight/obese populations can take vigorous-intensity leisure-time physical activity at 330–380 min/week (for example, 60 min/day, 6 days/week, metabolic equivalent = 8) to get the maximum health benefits in terms of inflammation and oxidative stress regulation.