Dose–response relationship between periodontal inflamed surface area and HbA1c in type 2 Diabetics

Abstract

A dose-response relationship between the amount of inflamed periodontal tissue and HbA1c level, might be indicative for a causal association between periodontitis and type 2 diabetes. To assess a dose-response relationship between the periodontal inflamed surface area (PISA), as a measure of the amount of inflamed periodontal tissue, and HbA1c levels in type 2 diabetics. Forty consecutive dentate type 2 diabetics attending their general practitioner for regular check-up, underwent full-mouth probing pocket depth and bleeding on probing assessment. From these data PISA was calculated. HbA1c levels were retrieved from patients' medical files. The dose-response relationship between PISA and HbA1c levels was assessed using multiple linear regression analyses, controlling for factors that might influence PISA or HbA1c levels. The higher the PISA of type 2 diabetics was, the higher their HbA1c levels were. On a group level, an increase of PISA with 333 mm(2) was associated with a 1.0 percentage point increase of HbA1c, independent of the influence of other factors. On a group level, there is a dose-response relationship between PISA and HbA1c in type 2 diabetics. This might be an indication of a causal relationship between type 2 diabetes and periodontitis.