Dose profile measurement using an imaging plate: Evaluation of filters using Monte Carlo simulation of 4 MV x-rays

Abstract

Computed radiography (CR) is gradually replacing film. The application of CR for two-dimensional profiles and off-axis ratio (OAR) measurement using an imaging plate (IP) in a CR system is currently under discussion. However, a well known problem for IPs in dosimetry is that they use high atomic number (Z) materials, such as Ba, which have an energy dependency in a photon interaction. Although there are some reports that it is possible to compensate for the energy dependency with metal filters, the appropriate thicknesses of these filters and where they should be located have not been investigated. The purpose of this study is to find the most suitable filter for use with an IP as a dosimetric tool. Monte Carlo simulation (Geant4 8.1) was used to determine the filter to minimize the measurement error in OAR measurements of 4 MV x-rays. In this simulation, the material and thickness of the filter and distance between the IP and the filter were varied to determine most suitable filter conditions that gave the best fit to the MC calculated OAR in water. With regard to changing the filter material, we found that using higher Z and higher density material increased the effectiveness of the filter. Also, increasing the distance between the filter and the IP reduced the effectiveness, whereas increasing the thickness of the filter increased the effectiveness. The result of this study showed that the most appropriate filter conditions consistent with the calculated OAR in water were the ones with the IP sandwiched between two 2 mm thick lead filters at a distance of 5 mm from the IP or the IP sandwiched directly between two 1 mm lead filters. Using these filters, we measured the OAR at 10 cm depth with 100 cm source-to-surface distance and surface 10x10 cm(2) field size. The results of this measurement represented that it is possible to achieve measurements with less than within 2.0% and 2.0% in the field and with less than 1.1% and 0.6% out of the field by using 2 and 1 mm lead filters, respectively.