Abstract
Increasing the dose intensity of cytotoxic therapy by shortening the intervals between cycles may enhance efficacy. Dose-dense chemotherapy, which is adopted as adjuvant chemotherapy of high-risk breast cancer, is addressed in the Japanese Breast Cancer Society Clinical Practice Guideline for breast cancer, 2018 edition (in Japanese). To evaluate the benefits and safety of dose-dense adjuvant chemotherapy described in the guideline, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of data of randomized trials using the same drugs, doses, and numbers of cycles. The PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Ichushi-Web databases were searched for relevant publications reporting randomized trials published until November 2016. Overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS), and toxicity were assessed. Three trials comprising 5190 patients were included. Compared with conventional chemotherapy, dose-dense chemotherapy lengthened OS (RR = 0.76; 95% CI = 0.64-0.90) and DFS (RR = 0.83; 95% CI = 0.75-0.92) and increased the risk of anemia (RR = 4.56; 95% CI = 2.01-10.34). We conclude that dose-dense chemotherapy can be highly recommended as adjuvant chemotherapy for patients with breast cancer with a high risk of recurrence risk and sufficient bone marrow function.
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