Dorsal Double-Plate Fixation of the Distal Radius.

Abstract

Restoration of the intra- and extraarticular anatomy of the distal radius. Stable internal fixation of fragments, with the possibility of early functional rehabilitation. Distal intraarticular radius fractures with impacted articular fragments and displaced dorsoulnar fragment. Distal intraarticular radius fractures with bony or ligamentous injury of the proximal carpal row. General medical contraindications for surgical intervention. Distal radius fractures with palmar tilt of the distal fragment. Dorsal longitudinal incision. Approach to the intermediate column via the third extensor compartment by detaching the extensor pollicis longus (EPL) tendon. Arthrotomy and revision of the proximal carpal row. Reconstruction of the radiocarpal articular surface and support with a plate applied to the dorsoulnar aspect. Approach to the radial column by subcutaneous preparation between skin flaps (cave: superficial branch of the radial nerve) and retinaculum, incision of the first extensor compartment and support of the radial column with a preshaped plate, which is pushed through under the tendons of the first compartment. Cancellous bone grafting is usually not necessary. Subcutaneous displacement of the EPL tendon with the aid of a small retinacular flap. Application of a removable velcro cuff. Immediate functional postoperative physiotherapy, without the cuff. No straining or forcing until first radiographic examination at 6 weeks after the operation. 25 consecutive patients were monitored following a double-plate fixation, with a minimum follow- up of 12 months. In all cases the reduction, in accordance with the Stewart Score, was very good, a loss of reduction was not observed. The range of motion was between 100° and 160° for flexion/extension and between 160° und 180° for pronation/supination. The average DASH Score was 7.2 points, the PRWE Score 8.0 points. No relevant loss of strength (JAMAR dynamometer) was found in any of the patients in comparison with the healthy side. Complications noted were a muscle adhesion in the region of the first extensor compartment as well as a mild reflex sympathetic dystrophy, which healed without consequences. Implants were removed from six of the patients.