Abstract
In dogs, splenectomy is mandatory as an emergency following splenic rupture with resultant hemoperitoneum and hypotensive shock. The present work aimed to evaluate the Doppler ultrasonographic parameters of brachial and femoral veins in splenectomized dogs and to investigate the effect of splenectomy on the coagulation and lipid profiles. A total number of 9 dogs underwent clinical, abdominal ultrasonographic and laboratory examinations prior to the surgical operation and kept for 60-day observation period post-splenectomy. Follow-up ultrasonography revealed no serious complications post-splenectomy. Both brachial and femoral veins were imaged medial to their corresponding arteries. Doppler ultrasonographic parameters of both veins showed no significant changes throughout the study period (P > 0.05). Haematological analysis revealed development of anemia, leukocytosis, and thrombocytosis in dogs post-splenectomy. Coagulation profile exhibited no significant variations in prothrombin and activated partial thromboplastin times (P > 0.05). In comparison with their baseline values, the mean concentrations of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, and triglycerides were significantly increased 30-day post-splenectomy. In conclusion, it may seem that open splenectomy has no influence on the Doppler ultrasonographic indices of brachial and femoral veins with no evidence of deep vein thrombosis in dogs. However, persistent leukocytosis and thrombocytosis, as well as altered lipid profile may increase the risk of vascular complications with the long run. Therefore, a further long-term study may be required.
Highlights
In dogs, splenectomy is mandatory as an emergency following splenic rupture with resultant hemoperitoneum and hypotensive shock
The Absence of this extremely sensitive filter may permit particulate matter and damaged cells to persist in the bloodstream, enhancing and activating the vascular endothelium resulting in a shift in vascular homeostasis toward increased coagulation[3]
Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and thromboembolism may develop as a vascular complication accompanied splenectomy[2]
Summary
Splenectomy is mandatory as an emergency following splenic rupture with resultant hemoperitoneum and hypotensive shock. The present work aimed to evaluate the Doppler ultrasonographic parameters of brachial and femoral veins in splenectomized dogs and to investigate the effect of splenectomy on the coagulation and lipid profiles. Coagulation profile exhibited no significant variations in prothrombin and activated partial thromboplastin times (P > 0.05) In comparison with their baseline values, the mean concentrations of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, and triglycerides were significantly increased 30-day post-splenectomy. Doppler ultrasonography has brought a revolution in treatment and monitoring of diseases of the blood vessels It allows simultaneous imaging and spectral analysis of vascular flow patterns[8]. The objectives of this study were as follows: (1) evaluate the Doppler ultrasonographic indices, including mean blood velocity, blood flow rate and congestion index, of brachial and femoral veins in splenectomized dogs; (2) assess the possible variations of the coagulation and lipid profiles post-splenectomy
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