Abstract
The initial transfer of energy from atmospheric wind to the ocean surface, which would be a significant factor in ambient noise, may occur via the so‐called Cat's Paw phenomena. To study this effect an experiment was conducted at Seneca Lake for a moderately disturbed (no whitecaps) air‐water interface. Doppler spectrum measurements of high‐frequency acoustic waves backscattered from the wind‐driven water surface indicate the presence of small‐scale roughness that is convected downwind by surface drift. For a slightly rippled surface there is a sharp resonant peak corresponding to a convection velocity approximately 0.4 m/s which is nearly independent of windspeed. The spectrum is broadened by phase modulation due to the orbital motion of larger scale gravity waves but remains skewed in the downwind direction. [Work supported by DARPA.]
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