Abstract
The use of non-contact doppler flow radars to determine water discharge is a widespread trend in hydrometeorological surveying and monitoring. However, is it reasonable to consider such an instrument as one of the most suitable and perspective for the hydrological observation network? In-situ testing have been carrying out by authors of this article and the analysis performed in scientific papers cannot provide a single-valued positive conclusion on this issue. Obvious advantage of these radars as independent safe mode of operation seems to overweight their obvious weak points. Many "undercurrents" do not allow this method to be recognized as reliable, such as the problem of transition from surface to medium flow velocities, which consists in the data processing apparatus, reliable positioning of the device, blanking distance task and etc. All in all, this article discusses the main advantages and "vulnerabilities" of the use of such an instrument as non-contact doppler radars to determine water discharge from a scientific and practical points of view.
Highlights
The use of non-contact doppler flow radars to determine water discharge is a widespread trend in hydrometeorological surveying and monitoring
A Doppler radar flow meter consists of a microcontroller, communications and power supply, as well as two sensors: water level and current velocity
The method for calculating water discharge using a radar flow meter is based on the existence of a close relationship between the surface current velocity and the mean flow velocity
Summary
Doppler radar flow meters were developed over 40 years ago, but have not yet gained sufficient acceptance in hydrological monitoring This state of affairs is accompanied by a relatively high cost of instruments, as well as the complexity of the transition from measured surface flow velocities to determining water discharge. A Doppler radar flow meter consists of a microcontroller, communications and power supply, as well as two sensors: water level (most often a radar sensor is used, but other types of level gauges can be used) and current velocity (local surface current velocity is measured). In most cases, both sensors are placed in the same housing. The width range of the irradiated spot should not fall to breakers, vegetation, driftwood and other interference
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