Doppler echocardiographic patterns of left ventricular filling in patients early after acute myocardial infarction

Abstract

Diastolic function is routinely assessed using Doppler-derived left ventricular (LV) filling patterns. Ratios between peak flow velocities during early filling and atrial contraction ( E A ) of <1 are considered pathologic and diagnostic of impaired relaxation. Myocardial stiffness can normalize the E >A ratio, and thus, in some clinical settings, a normal E A ratio may identify patients with high filling pressures. LV filling patterns were studied with Doppler echocardiography in 15 healthy subjects and 38 patients with recent acute myocardial infarction. The results were correlated with clinical and hemodynamic variables. E A ratio <1 was found in 14 patients (37%) and in only 1 control subject; E A ratio >2 was found in 5 patients (13%) and in only 1 control subject; 19 patients (50%) had an apparently normal E A ratio. No correlation was found between LV filling pattern and ejection fraction or presence of diabetes or arterial hypertension. LV end-diastolic pressures were low to normal in patients with an E A ratio <1 and were usually >15 mm Hg in those with normal or abnormally increased (>2) E A ratios. Thus, an apparently normal E A ratio in patients after myocardial infarction may identify those with more severe LV diastolic dysfunction and increased LV filling pressure.