Abstract
Novel DOPO/silicon/CNT nanohybrid flame retardants (FR-CNTs) were synthesized and FR-CNTs were introduced into epoxy resins through thermal curing process. The SEM and TEM results indicate that CNTs distribute uniformly in epoxy resins due to the good dispersion of CNTs in DOPO/silicon/CNT nanohybrid flame retardants. The thermal stability and flame-retardant properties of EP/FR-CNTs composites are improved, which is attributed to the good dispersion of DOPO/silicon/CNT nanohybrid. The cone calorimeter results demonstrate that FR-CNTs can reduce peak heat release and the release of toxic gas effectively compared with EP/CNTs and EP/CNT/FR composites. The char-residue analysis indicates that the improved flame-retardant properties are due to the char-reinforcing effects and the catalyzing charring effect of FR-CNTs, which provides enough time for flame retardants to trap radicals. Generally, the char layers, which act as insulating barrier, can reduce the releasing of flammable gases and protect the underlying epoxy resins from the heat source.
Highlights
Polymer/inorganic nanocomposites have attracted more and more attention, because incorporating only a small amount of inorganic nanofillers can impact polymer materials with improved thermal, flame-retardant, mechanical and electrical properties [1,2,3]
Results for the FR-carbon nanotubes (CNTs) hybrid flame retardants, it could be observed that CNTs were well d
Characterization of FR-CNTs persed in the hybrid flame retardants
Summary
Polymer/inorganic nanocomposites have attracted more and more attention, because incorporating only a small amount of inorganic nanofillers can impact polymer materials with improved thermal, flame-retardant, mechanical and electrical properties [1,2,3]. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are promising due to their unique performance [4,5,6]. As for the flame retardancy of CNTs, it is reported that CNTs can inhibit the vigorous bubbling processes during the combustion of polymer materials. Kashiwagi found that jammed network structures are formed in the polymer matrix, and these network structures play an important role in the flame retardancy of polymer materials [7]. Xing’s work found that flame-retardant-modified multiwalled carbon nanotubes were efficient fire retardants for PS (polystyrene) [8]. The key issue in the production of CNT-based nanocomposites is to improve the dispersion of CNTs
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