Doping and Surface Modification Enhance the Applicability of Nanostructured Fullerene–MWCNT Hybrid Draped LiNi0.1Mg0.1Co0.8O2 as High Efficient Cathode Material for Lithium-Ion Batteries

S Arockia Shyamala Paniyarasi,S K Suja,R Nimma Elizabeth

doi:10.1007/s10904-021-02039-5

S Arockia Shyamala Paniyarasi, S K Suja + Show 1 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1007/s10904-021-02039-5

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Abstract

Development of high performance cathode materials, layer-structured ternary LiNixCoyM1−x−yO2 cathode materials have attracted much attention owing to their larger capacity and higher energy density. Persistent efforts have been devoted to tackling certain issues like low electronic conductivity and poor structural stability. Dual strategy of Mg doping and surface modification of the cathode material was adopted to improve the performance of the battery. Fullerene–Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotube (MWCNT) hybrid draped LiNi0.1Mg0.1Co0.8O2 nanocomposite was synthesized by a simple chemical route. The fullerene–MWCNT hybrid modifies the surface of pristine LiNi0.1Mg0.1Co0.8O2 thereby improves the electrochemical performance and maintains the structural stability of the cathode material. Pristine LiNi0.1Mg0.1Co0.8O2 and LiNi0.1Mg0.1Co0.8O2/fullerene–MWCNT nanocomposite were studied using various advanced characterization techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), Micro-Raman spectroscopy, Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), and High-Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HRTEM). It is found that LiNi0.1Mg0.1Co0.8O2 particles retain their structural integrity after being enveloped with a fullerene–MWCNT hybrid. The electrochemical performance was investigated with cyclic voltammetry (CV), galvanostatic charge–discharge (GCD) test and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). As prepared LiNi0.1Mg0.1Co0.8O2, when deployed in the form of LiNi0.1Mg0.1Co0.8O2/fullerene–MWCNT composite exhibits a high specific capacity of 208 mAh g−1. Fullerene–MWCNT hybrid draped LiNi0.1Mg0.1Co0.8O2 nanocomposite provides an effective Li+ and electron channel that significantly increased the Li-ion diffusion coefficient and reduced the charge transfer resistance. Besides,the lithium diffusion coefficient increased from 5.13 × 10–13 (Li/LiNi0.1Mg0.1Co0.8O2) to 8.313 × 10–13 cm2 s−1 due to the improved kinetics of Li insertion/extraction process in Li/LiNi0.1Mg0.1Co0.8O2 + fullerene–MWCNT cell.

Highlights

Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) with transitional metal oxide as cathode materials recently play a significant role in energy storage systems for portable electronic devices[1]
The Xray diffraction (XRD) pattern of the fullerene-Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotube (MWCNT) hybrid, shown in Fig. 2(c) which displayed two peaks located at 2θ = 25.74 ̊& 42.87 ̊ can be ascribed to the hexagonal graphite crystal planes of (002) and (001) respectively.the XRD pattern of fullerene-MWCNT hybrid draped LiNi0.1Mg0.1Co0.8O2 nanocomposite does not reveal the diffraction peaks of graphene or graphite is likely due to the extremely crystalline phase of LiNi0.1Mg0.1Co0.8O2 nanocomposite[5]
Layer-structured / LiNi0.1Mg0.1Co0.8O2 fullerene-MWCNT composite cathode material with good hexagonal ordering was evident from XRD and Raman studies

Summary

Introduction

Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) with transitional metal oxide as cathode materials recently play a significant role in energy storage systems for portable electronic devices[1]. The incorporation of carbonaceous materials into transition metal oxide cathode materials to form a conductive network has become a favorable strategy for achieving better cycling performance and rate capability[3]. Owing to their unique physicochemical properties, the nanocarbon materials with different geometrical orientations (e.g., graphene, carbon nanotubes (CNTs), and fullerenes) have gained a lot of applicationsin lithium-ion batteries as the carbon materials provide enough space for storing lithium ions. As reported in the literaturethe Li2Mn2.9Ni0.9Co0.2O8-MWCNT exhibited remarkable interesting properties such as high specific capacity, sufficient rate performance, significant Coulombic efficiency, and improved cycling stability compared with pristine LiNi0.1Mg0.1Co0.8O2[8]. The as-synthesized particles were characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS)

Fabrication of electrode and electrochemical measurements

XRD analysis

FTIR Analysis

HRTEM Analysis

Micro -Raman spectral Analysis

4.Conclusion