Abstract
(1) Background: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is considered as an efficient treatment method for alleviating motor symptoms in Parkinson’s disease (PD), while different stimulation frequency effects on the specific neuron patterns at the cellular level remain unknown. (2) Methods: In this work, nanocomposites-modified implantable microelectrode arrays (MEAs) were fabricated to synchronously record changes of dopamine (DA) concentration and striatal neuron firing in the striatum during subthalamic nucleus DBS, and different responses of medium spiny projecting neurons (MSNs) and fast spiking interneurons (FSIs) to DBS were analyzed. (3) Results: DA concentration and striatal neuron spike firing rate showed a similar change as DBS frequency changed from 10 to 350 Hz. Note that the increases in DA concentration (3.11 ± 0.67 μM) and neural spike firing rate (15.24 ± 2.71 Hz) were maximal after the stimulation at 100 Hz. The MSNs firing response to DBS was significant, especially at 100 Hz, while the FSIs remained stable after various stimulations. (4) Conclusions: DBS shows the greatest regulatory effect on DA concentration and MSNs firing rate at 100 Hz stimulation. This implantable MEA in the recording of the neurotransmitter and neural spike pattern response to DBS provides a new insight to understand the mechanism of PD at the cellular level.
Highlights
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative diseases faced by the old that is related to the basal ganglia circuit [1,2]
The tips of the microelectrode arrays (MEAs) were inserted into the striatum to record the dual-mode signals involving DA concentration and neural spike firing
The rectangle-shape electrodes are specific for DA recording, while the other round-shape electrodes are specific for neural spike firing recording
Summary
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative diseases faced by the old that is related to the basal ganglia circuit [1,2] It consists of the subthalamic nucleus (STN), globus pallidus internus (GPi), cortex, striatum, substantia nigra (SN) and so on [3]. Deep brain stimulation (DBS) in the STN or GPi has been considered as one of the most effective treatment methods to alleviate the symptoms of movement disorders based on actual therapeutic effects [4,5]. It has been applied in the clinical treatment of patients who were diagnosed with PD.
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