Abstract
BackgroundSkin injury and the resultant defects are common clinical problems, and usually lead to chronic skin ulcers and even life-threatening diseases. Copper, an essential trace element of human body, has been reported to promote the regeneration of skin by stimulating proliferation of endothelial cell and enhance angiogenesis.ResultsHerein, we have prepared a new donut-like metal–organic frameworks (MOF) of copper-nicotinic acid (CuNA) by a simple solvothermal reaction. The rough surface of CuNA is beneficial for loading/release basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF). The CuNAs with/without bFGF are easily processed into a light-responsive composite hydrogel with GelMA, which not only show excellent mechanical properties, but also display superior biocompatibility, antibacterial ability and bioactivity. Moreover, in the in vivo full-thickness defect model of skin wound, the resultant CuNA-bFGF@GelMA hydrogels significantly accelerate the wound healing, by simultaneously inhibiting the inflammatory response, promoting the new blood vessels formation and the deposition of collagen and elastic fibers.ConclusionsConsidering the superior biocompatibility, antibacterial ability and bioactivity, the CuNA and its composite light-responsive hydrogel system will be promising in the applications of skin and even other tissue regeneration.Graphic abstract
Highlights
Skin injury and the resultant defects are common clinical problems, and usually lead to chronic skin ulcers and even life-threatening diseases
The structures of CuNA prepared in ethylene glycol were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) (Fig. 1b, c)
The CuNA with/without basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) is blended with gelatin methacrylate (GelMA) to obtain the lightresponsive hydrogels
Summary
Skin injury and the resultant defects are common clinical problems, and usually lead to chronic skin ulcers and even life-threatening diseases. Wound healing is a complex biological process [3], which requires the coordination of a number of cell types to promote granulation tissue formation, and reepithelialization. Gelatin methacrylate (GelMA) is a promising hydrogel used for wound healing, due to the fact that it can mimic the properties of the extracellular matrix. GelMA possesses a majority of methacryloyl groups with a property of photo-crosslinking It could undergo a process of polymerization initiated with free radicals that generate from the photo-initiator like lithium acylphosphinate salt (LAP) to form covalently crosslinked hydrogels after exposure to the particular light (e.g., UV) [12]. A majority of GelMA hydrogel dressings have doped with various drugs and ions for inhibiting infections, the unsustainable release, especially the initial burst release may lead to a passive healing process due to the biological toxicity of overdose [13]
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