Abstract
Excess or lack of levels of nitrate in drinking water is harmful to the human health, the concentration of NO-3 ions must be maintained at 50 mg/l. Donnan dialysis (DD) used as a driving force of the concentration gradient is an effective and simple technique for nitrate removal. In this paper, the transport of nitrate through an AMX anion-exchange membrane has been studied as a function of driving ion nature, receiver phase concentration, flow rate, temperature and agitation rate under Donnan dialysis condition. It was observed that the hydrodynamic conditions and temperature were the main variables affecting the transmembrane flow. As the driving ion, the chloride ion is more efficient than the hydrogeneocarbonate ion. The systematic study of the different parameters involved showed that the nitrate removal efficiency obtained with a feed synthetic nitrate solution (62 ppm) was off 96%. This efficiency slightly decreases for a tap water containing the same nitrate concentration; it was about 84%. This can be attributed to the complex ionic composition of the natural water.
Highlights
Nitrate is mainly found in most of natural waters at moderate concentrations but is often enriched to over the contaminant levels from the excessive using of fertilizers and uncontrolled discharge of raw [1]-[3]
In order to protect public health from the adverse effects of high nitrate intake, Word Health Organisation (WHO) set the standard as 50 mg/l to regulate the nitrate concentration in drinking water [6]
Effect of the Driving Ion The counter ion X− used for nitrate removal from drinking water has to facilitate and favor the extraction of nitrates
Summary
Nitrate is mainly found in most of natural waters at moderate concentrations but is often enriched to over the contaminant levels from the excessive using of fertilizers and uncontrolled discharge of raw [1]-[3]. (2015) Donnan Dialysis Removal of Nitrate from Water: Effects of Process Parameters. The presence of nitrate ions in drinking water is a potential public health hazard and can cause infant methemoglobinemia, “blue baby” syndrome [5]. In order to protect public health from the adverse effects of high nitrate intake, Word Health Organisation (WHO) set the standard as 50 mg/l to regulate the nitrate concentration in drinking water [6]. To remove nitrate from water, several techniques are available: biological [7]-[11]; chemical [12] and physico-chemical such as donnan dialysis [13], electrodialysis [14]-[18], electrodeionization [19], reverse osmosis [20] [21] and ion exchange [22]-[24]
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
