Abstract
ABSTRACT Seakeeping of a ship under waves is vital for safety, with strong resonance occurring when two conditions are met: (1) large wave loads, and (2) wave frequency being close to the natural frequency. Prior research focused on resonant phenomena, nonlinear traits, and failure modes, but the dominant condition for resonance in ocean-going ships is unclear. This study developed a mathematical model using the boundary element method (BEM) for an advancing ship under small-amplitude waves. An open-source solution was proposed, utilizing NEMOH for hydrodynamic coefficients and a Python code for dynamic equation solving. Validated with KRISO Container Ship (KCS) data, the mathematical model accurately predicts ship motions. Findings show that ship heave resonance is influenced by both conditions, but the second condition affects rolling more, and the first condition controls pitch more. This is more evident in high-speed ships and is less affected by ship size variations.
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