Abstract
Among 62 adult females of Arashiyama B troop, a linear dominance rank order was found. The dominant-subordinate relations among kin-related females tended to follow Kawamura's (1958) two principles, although the converses were not rare. A linear rank order also existed between kin-groups. There was no consistent correlation between female rank order and reproductive success in Arashiyama B troop. The female rank order may have originated in the adult daughter's inhibition against superseding her mother; i. e., the primary function of female rank order may not be competition for reproductive success, but may rather to permit coexistence within a troop.
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