Abstract
Despite the drive for increased environmental protection and the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), coal, oil, and natural gas use continues to dominate Japan’s energy mix. In light of this issue, this research assessed the position of natural gas, oil, and coal energy use in Japan’s environmental mitigation efforts from the perspective of sustainable development with respect to economic growth between 1965 and 2019. In this regard, the study employs Bayer and Hanck cointegration, fully modified Ordinary Least Square (FMOLS), and dynamic ordinary least square (DOLS) to investigate these interconnections. The empirical findings from this study revealed that the utilization of natural gas, oil, and coal energy reduces the sustainability of the environment with oil consumption having the most significant impact. Furthermore, the study validates the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) hypothesis in Japan. The outcomes of the Gradual shift causality showed that CO2 emissions can predict economic growth, while oil, coal, and energy consumption can predict CO2 emissions in Japan. Given Japan’s ongoing energy crisis, this innovative analysis provides valuable policy insights to stakeholders and authorities in the nation’s energy sector.
Highlights
Climate change is a significant threat to mankind and global economic development.It poses a significant challenge to stability, natural life, and growth
Climate change is largely caused by increasing greenhouse gas emissions (GHGs)
Human practices, such as the use of non-renewable resources (NRE), contribute to GHG emissions, which in turn contribute to global warming [1]
Summary
Climate change is a significant threat to mankind and global economic development.It poses a significant challenge to stability, natural life, and growth. Climate change is largely caused by increasing greenhouse gas emissions (GHGs) Human practices, such as the use of non-renewable resources (NRE), contribute to GHG emissions, which in turn contribute to global warming [1]. Environmental pollution (primarily induced by the emissions of GHGs from economic activities) is causing increasing problems for world economies, prompting numerous policymakers to spend massive sums of monies to mitigate the risks [4]. This is due to the fact that both emerging and industrialized countries are increasingly being faced with the dual challenge of boosting economic output while simultaneously tackling environmental problems [5,6].
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