Abstract
The present work aimed to compare the physical and chemical quality of domestic sludge in the city of Pentecoste, State of Ceara, Brazil, to fish pond effluents from the Aquaculture Research Center of the Departamento Nacional de Obras Contras as Secas - DNOCS, located in the same city. The work was carried out in Pentecoste (State of Ceara, Brazil) in three sampling campaigns, with 30-day intervals between them. In each campaign, four samples were collected at different points of the following sites: (1) fish pond supply channel from the Aquaculture Research Center (CPAq) of the DNOCS; (2) fish pond drainage channel of CPAq/DNOCS; (3) tap water from four homes in Pentecoste; and (4) domestic sludge channel of Pentecoste. In the lab, samples were analyzed for dissolved oxygen, total ammonia, free CO2, nitrite, reactive phosphorus, electric conductivity and chemical oxygen demand (COD), following standard methods. It was concluded that Pentecoste's domestic sludge has a much stronger eutrophication impact on the receiving water than that caused by the CPAq/DNOCS's fish pond effluents.
Highlights
Water is an essential component to maintenance of life in our planet
The present study has aimed to compare the physical-chemical quality of the domestic sludge produced by the municipality of Pentecoste, State of Ceará with that originated from the fish culture effluents of the Aquaculture Research Center of the Departamento Nacional de Obras Contra as Secas – DNOCS, located in the same city
In each campaign four supply waters and wastewater samples were collected at different sites from the following places: (1) the supply channel of the DNOCS’s Aquaculture Research Center (CPAq) fish culture ponds; (2) the discharge channel of the Centro de Pesquisas em Aquicultura (CPAq)/DNOCS’s fish culture ponds; (3) the tap water from four households located in the city of Pentecoste and (4) the municipal sludge discharge channel of the Pentecoste city
Summary
Water is an essential component to maintenance of life in our planet. Due to water importance for the human populations, several studies were already carried out about the responsible use of that resource (CIRILO, 2008; FERREYRA et al, 2008; PEREIRA-DA-SILVA et al, 2008; RICHTER et al, 2003). The huge vegetal biomass that can be produced by fish culture is capable to increase enormously the demand for dissolved oxygen in water. Such fact can lead to a complete withdrawal of dissolved oxygen in the aquatic environments and, as an effect, to the occurrence of generalized biota mortalities (CUNHA-SANTINO et al, 2008; MAO et al, 2009). The present study has aimed to compare the physical-chemical quality of the domestic sludge produced by the municipality of Pentecoste, State of Ceará with that originated from the fish culture effluents of the Aquaculture Research Center of the Departamento Nacional de Obras Contra as Secas – DNOCS, located in the same city. The relative weight of each polluting source in the environmental eutrophication was discussed
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