Domain lines as fractional strings

Abstract

We consider $\mathcal{N}=2$ supersymmetric quantum electrodynamics with two flavors, the Fayet-Iliopoulos parameter, and a mass term $\ensuremath{\beta}$ which breaks the extended supersymmetry down to $\mathcal{N}=1$. The bulk theory has two vacua; at $\ensuremath{\beta}=0$ the Bogomol'nyi-Prasad-Sommerfield (BPS) monopoles-saturated domain wall interpolating between them has a moduli space parameterized by a $U(1)$ phase $\ensuremath{\sigma}$ which can be promoted to a scalar field in the effective low-energy theory on the wall world-volume. At small nonvanishing $\ensuremath{\beta}$ this field gets a sine-Gordon potential. As a result, only two discrete degenerate BPS domain walls survive. We find an explicit solitonic solution for domain lines---stringlike objects living on the surface of the domain wall which separate wall I from wall II. The domain line is seen as a BPS kink in the world-volume effective theory. We expect that the wall with the domain line on it saturates both the ${1,0}$ and the ${\frac{1}{2},\frac{1}{2}}$ central charges of the bulk theory. The domain line carries a magnetic flux which is exactly $\frac{1}{2}$ of the flux carried by the flux tube living in the bulk on each side of the wall. Thus, the domain lines on the wall confine charges living on the wall, resembling Polyakov's three-dimensional confinement.