Does Zygogramma bicolorata Pallister really affects the growth, density and reproductive performance of Parthenium hysterophorus L?

Abstract

Zygogramma bicolorata Pallister (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) is a satisfactory potential candidate for controlling Parthenium hysterophorus L. The study was conducted in order to evaluate the bio-control potential of Z. bicolorata to satisfactory reduced the density of parthenium weed in natural field conditions. Therefore, beetles were released in the twelve study sites @ 12 adults and/or larvae/m2 in their respective sites on 5th, 10th, 15th and 20th day after initial field releases. Observations were made on defoliation by the beetle, perthenium plant height, plant biomass, leaf injury rating and soil seed reservoir. Present study showed that field releases of Z. bicolorata considerably lowering down the parthenium density at all treated sites. At larval release sites by the 60th day of observation a complete defoliation was noted, however at adult release sites it took 80 days for complete defoliation. Moreover, significantly higher number of developmental stages i.e. eggs, larvae and adults were noted in the adults released sites than to larval released sites and the controls. It was also noted that plant height and its density, flowers & leaves production, biomass of parthenium plant and seed reservoir in soil was negatively affected in treated sites as compared to untreated sites. Thus, we have concluded that adults can be utilized in biocontrol program because population build-up was greater in those sites where adults were released.