Abstract
BackgroundSustainable Development Goal 2 aims at ending hunger, achieving food security, improving nutrition and promoting sustainable agriculture. Whilst some smallholder farmers are aware of this goal, others are not. The question that arises is whether or not awareness translates into food security. Therefore, this study assessed whether or not smallholder farmers’ awareness of Sustainable Development Goal 2 improves household food security in the Northern Region of Ghana.MethodsThe study used cross-sectional primary data collected from two districts and two municipalities in the region. An endogenous switching regression treatment effects model with ordered outcome was used to estimate the effects of smallholder farmers’ awareness of Sustainable Development Goal 2 on household food insecurity level.ResultsThe age of household head, distance of households to the regional capital, membership of farmer-based organizations, access to e-extension, education, and ownership of radio are the key drivers of farmers’ awareness of Sustainable Development Goal 2. The results from the endogenous switching regression treatment effects model with ordered outcome showed that households who are aware of the second goal are more food secure than their counterparts.ConclusionsIt is therefore prudent for stakeholders promoting and championing Sustainable Development Goals to educate farmers on goal 2 as their awareness of the goal is critical to achieving food security.
Highlights
Sustainable Development Goal 2 aims at ending hunger, achieving food security, improving nutrition and promoting sustainable agriculture
It is important to note that this Food Insecurity Experience Scale (FIES) is suitable for this study since the households are disaggregated into those who are aware of SDG2 and those who are unaware
Following the originator of the model, Gregory [25], the drivers of food insecurity level (FIL) for the farmers who are not aware and those who are aware of SDG2 are specified in Eqs. 3 and 4, respectively:
Summary
Sustainable Development Goal 2 aims at ending hunger, achieving food security, improving nutrition and promoting sustainable agriculture. This study assessed whether or not smallholder farmers’ awareness of Sustainable Development Goal 2 improves household food security in the Northern Region of Ghana. As noted by [1], the higher education a household head attains, the more he or she is well informed and aware of the available improved agricultural technologies, thereby adopting them to enhance household food supply. It is important to note that SDG2 in particular aims to "end hunger, achieve food security and improved nutrition and promote sustainable agriculture”. It is imperative to note that attainment of SDG2 will contribute principally to the achievement of the other goals of the 2030 agenda especially ending poverty; improving health; access to clean water and sanitation; decent work; and reduced inequality
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