Abstract
ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to assess coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) anxiety and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms in the hospital staff, as well as to identify protective factors of COVID-19 anxiety once the coronavirus pandemic was announced in Poland.Methods90 healthcare workers from the hospital in Poland completed validated self-report questionnaires assessing self-efficacy, emotional control, and PTSD symptoms; a questionnaire assessing COVID-19 anxiety; and a socio-demographic questionnaire. A multiple linear regression was conducted to assess the effects of gender, being directly vs indirectly exposed to patients, and general self-efficacy on COVID-19 anxiety.ResultsThe analysis showed that female (β = −0.271, p < 0.01) healthcare professionals indirectly exposed to patients (β = −0.336, p < 0.01) and those who reported lower levels of general self-efficacy (β = −0.295, p < 0.01) have a stronger tendency to experience COVID-19 anxiety [R2 = 0.301, F(3,89) = 12.34, p < 0.01].ConclusionThe findings show the importance of self-efficacy for dealing with COVID-19 anxiety. The internal coping strategies should be introduced to healthcare workers.
Highlights
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is thought to be a highly infectious disease
The analysis showed that female (β = −0.271, p < 0.01) healthcare professionals indirectly exposed to patients (β = −0.336, p < 0.01) and those who reported lower levels of general self-efficacy (β = −0.295, p < 0.01) have a stronger tendency to experience COVID-19 anxiety [R2 = 0.301, F(3,89) = 12.34, p < 0.01]
At the time we started writing this article (13 April 2020), there were over 1.4 million confirmed cases of COVID19 and 116,052 deaths globally; at the time we finished it (12 June 2020), there are 7,616,598 confirmed cases of COVID19 and 424,227 deaths globally (Khasawneh, 2020; Medonet, 2020; Worldometers, 2020). 215 countries are affected by the novel coronavirus (Worldometers, 2020), including Poland, where the first case of COVID-19 had been reported on 4 March 2020, and the COVID-19 pandemic had been announced on 20 March 2020
Summary
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is thought to be a highly infectious disease. It is primarily transmitted by respiratory droplets and has a similar incubation time and generation time as SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV) (Wilder-Smith and Freedman, 2020). The first case of COVID-19 had been reported in Wuhan City, China, on 9 January 2020 (Lu et al, 2020). Hospital Staff After COVID-19 being locked down within 2 weeks after COVID-19 had been reported, the novel virus has soon reached other provinces in China and neighboring countries. 215 countries are affected by the novel coronavirus (Worldometers, 2020), including Poland, where the first case of COVID-19 had been reported on 4 March 2020, and the COVID-19 pandemic had been announced on 20 March 2020 At the time we started writing this article (13 April 2020), there were over 1.4 million confirmed cases of COVID19 and 116,052 deaths globally; at the time we finished it (12 June 2020), there are 7,616,598 confirmed cases of COVID19 and 424,227 deaths globally (Khasawneh, 2020; Medonet, 2020; Worldometers, 2020). 215 countries are affected by the novel coronavirus (Worldometers, 2020), including Poland, where the first case of COVID-19 had been reported on 4 March 2020, and the COVID-19 pandemic had been announced on 20 March 2020
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