Does Roux-en-Y Anastomosis Excels Intestinal Interposition in Gastrectomy?

Abstract

Background: Gastrectomy, the surgical removal of all or part of the stomach, is a critical intervention often employed in cases of gastric cancer. Among the various techniques utilized in gastrectomy, two primary methods have gained prominence: Roux-en-Y anastomosis and intestinal interposition. Both techniques aim to restore gastrointestinal continuity and functionality post-surgery, yet they differ in their approaches and outcomes. This article evaluates the efficacy, benefits, and drawbacks in the context of gastrectomy. Patients and Methods: A retrospective study was conducted at the Surgical department of Complex Oncological Centre of Shumen, Bulgaria between March 2019 and November 2023, including 55 patients, 35 maled and 20 females who underwent gastrectomy for gastric cancer or peptic ulcer disease. Roux-en-Y anastomosis was used in 30 and in 25 patients was used intestinal interposition. Medical records of eligible patients were reviewed to collect demographic data, preoperative clinical characteristics, surgical details, and postoperative outcomes. Results: The total number of complications amounts to 10, - 2 in Roux-en-Y and 8 after intestinal interposition. Complications in intestinal interposition are 4,8 times more frequent than in Roux-en-Y reconstruction, which, considering the small number of patients compared, represents a significant difference. Conclusion: This study contributes to the existing literature by elucidating the advantages and drawbacks of each reconstruction technique. Surgical skills play a vital role in the selection and execution of reconstruction methods after total gastrectomy.