Does Rodeo Have Roots In Ancient Indian Traditions?

Abstract

Rodeo is a popular sport among Native American people, particularly Plains Indians, and has been so for more than a century. Although native participation has long been recognized as present in rodeo, it is generally presumed to be simply accessory to a package of traditions whose origins and modes of expression are firmly seated in EuroAmerican ranching culture. This paper examines a group of ancient Plains Indian traditions which appear to be counterparts to rodeo traditions, specifically : 1) bison herding, hunting, and sporting skills ; 2) horse handling skills ; 3) regular tribal gatherings and recreational contests ; 4) parades and finery ; 5) personal insignia and charms ; and 6) clowns. Comparison shows that the similarities between the two traditions are striking both in detail and in combination. Archeological and ethnohistoric information indicates that the Indian traditions predate rodeo, and that native people had ample opportunity to contribute to core rodeo traditions. Consequently, I suggest that Plains Indians were substantial contributors, both early and throughout the development of rodeo, and therefore are deserving of a prominent place in its history