Does National Culture Influence Global Policy Diffusion: Evidence From Gender Mainstreaming Policy Using Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA)

Abstract

This study aims to pinpoint the combinations of national cultural traits that influence the global diffusion of gender mainstreaming. First, we have updated national culture indices using factor analysis. Then, we employ fuzzy-set QCA to identify potential configurations in line with theories of cultural contingency. A sample of 41 countries is examined. We find that the current diffusion requires a non-Islamic environment, while a high level of autonomy, weak uncertainty avoidance, and gender quotas are sufficient. This study serves as the starting point for further research on the relationship between national culture and the diffusion of gender mainstreaming policy.